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Posted: November 23rd, 2023
BIOL 301 Human Health and Disease FINAL EXAM 240 points
DUE in your Assignment folder by Saturday,
May 7th 11:59:59PMEastern
Time USA.
PLEASE follow the directions.
Submit your answers (as a .doc, .docx,
or .rtf) by using the table on the last page (e.g., 1.A, 2.B, 3.C, etc.) and
returning only the TABLE by way of your Assignment Folder. Following the TABLE
should be your ESSAY Question answers.
50
Multiple Choice Questions at 4 points each.
10
Essay Questions. Choose 2 to answer at 20 points each.
50 Multiple Choice Questions at 4 points each.
1.
Dr. Sue Mi is interested in diseases of the retina. The field of study
best suited to her interests is
A. physiology B. anatomy C. pathology D. bowling
2.
There are numerous levels of organization in the body. The correct order from simplest to most
complex is
A. organ, tissue, cell, organism, system B.
cell, tissue, organ, system, organism
C. system, cell, organ, organism, tissue D.
cell, system, tissue, organ, organism
3.
The atomic number of sodium is 11. The sodium ion has a single positive
charge (Na+). How many electrons does the sodium ion have?
A. 10 B. 11
C. 12 D. More information is required to answer this
question.
4.
The chemical category that includes fats and cholesterol is
A. proteins B. lipids C. carbohydrates D. solutions
5.
If a cell lacked centrioles, it would not be able to
A. synthesize proteins B. synthesize RNA
C. divide D. secrete proteins
6. A
particular cell type specializes in breaking down harmful by-products of
metabolism. This cell type would contain very high levels of
A. lysosomes B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. centrioles D. peroxisomes
7.
Connective tissues would probably NOT contain
A. fibroblasts B. collagen C. goblet cells D. matrix
8.
Ms. Busch has a lump in her arm. The doctor has determined that the lump
has not spread and is derived from adipose tissue. This lump would best be
described as a
A. benign lipoma B. malignant sarcoma
C. malignant lipoma D. benign
sarcoma
9.
Mr. Luckless is experiencing headaches as a result of drug therapy. The
headaches are an example of a(n)
A. iatrogenic disease B. idiopathic
disease
C. pandemic disease D. etiological
disorder
10.
An infectious agent composed entirely of protein is called a(n)
A. prion B. viroid C. virus D. rickettsiae
11.
Mr. Munybags has erythematous flat areas on his arms and legs that are
covered with silvery scales. His father also has the same skin condition. The
most likely diagnosis is
A. atopic dermatitis B. psoriasis C.
impetigo D. shingles
12.
Which of the following diseases is caused by a fungus?
A. ringworm B. verruca C. eczema D. acne vulgaris
13.
A forensic scientist wants to identify the gender of a skeleton based on
the pelvic structure. Which of the following characteristics would be found in
a male pelvis?
A. a wide, rounded pelvic opening B. a long, curved sacrum
C. wide, flared ilia D. a wide pubic arch
14. Ms. Jones, aged 31, has been diagnosed with
tuberculosis. Lately, her joints have been inflamed. Ms. J probably has
A. osteoarthritis B. gout C.
septic arthritis D. rheumatoid arthritis
15.
The compound that stores oxygen in muscle cells is
A. hemoglobin B. glycogen C.
creatine phosphate D. myoglobin
16.
Exercise results in
A. constricted blood vessels B.
a decrease in the number of mitochondria
C. muscle atrophy D.
an increase in the resting heart rate
17. The hypothalamus
A.
initiates voluntary movements. B. controls and integrates autonomic nervous
system activity.
C.
is regulated by the pituitary gland. D. plays a minor role in the maintenance of
homeostasis
18.
Ms. L has been experiencing muscle weakness. Her physician informs her
that she has abnormal antibodies attacking the myelin sheath around neurons in
her central nervous system. The most likely diagnosis is
A. poliomyelitis B. multiple sclerosis
C. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis D.
peripheral neuropathy
19.
Difficulty in forming words would indicate an injury to the
A. Wernicke area B. Broca area
C. auditory association area D. primary sensory cortex
20.
The point of sharpest vision is called the
A. rods B. fovea centralis C. optic disk D. cornea
21.
Glaucoma is associated with excess eye fluid. The excess fluid exerts
pressure on the nerve receiving visual input from the eye, known as the
A. oculomotor nerve B. trochlear
nerve
C. optic nerve D. trigeminal nerve
22. Dr.
Spiegel has asked you if you want to write a 50-page essay. You shake your head
“no.” This motion will be sensed by the
A. vestibule B.
maculae C. cristae D.
cochlear duct
23.
What effect would a large increase in cortisol have on glucagon and
insulin secretion?
A. Both insulin and glucagon would be increased.
B. Both insulin and glucagon would be decreased.
C. Insulin would be decreased, glucagon would be
increased.
D. Insulin would be increased, glucagon would be
decreased.
24.
Diabetes insipidus results from a lack of
A. glucagon B.
aldosterone C. calcitonin D. antidiuretic hormone
25.
A person with type A blood has antibodies to
A. A antigen B.
B antigen C. A and B
antigens D. neither antigen
26.
A person with a hematocrit of 33% is suffering from
A. anemia B.
leukopenia C. polycythemia D.
leukocytosis
27.
The part of the heart capable of generating the largest force is the
A. right atrium B. left atrium C.
right ventricle D. left ventricle
28.
The heart chamber that receives blood from the lungs is the
A. right atrium B. left atrium C.
right ventricle D. left ventricle
29.
A blood cell is journeying from the left thumb to the heart. It would
probably NOT pass through the
A. left brachiocephalic vein B. superior vena cava
C. left jugular vein D. left subclavian vein
30.
Which of the following drugs would NOT be used to treat hypertension?
A. a drug that relaxes blood vessels B. a drug that inhibits renin production
C. a diuretic D. a drug that increases heart rate
31.
Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system?
A. oxygen delivery to tissues
B. absorption of digested fats
C. transport of absorbed amino acids from the
intestine to the liver
D. thermoregulation
32.
Inflammation of the lymph nodes is called
A. lymphedema B. lymphangitis C. lymphadenitis D. lymphectomy
33.
A substance that causes blood vessels to dilate is
A. interferon B.
complement C. histamine D.
antibody
34.
A process that results in antibody production by the recipient induces a
form of immunity called
A. active immunity B. nonspecific immunity
C. passive immunity D. immunotherapy
35.
At the lungs,
A. both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse from
the blood into the alveoli
B. oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon
dioxide diffuses into the alveoli
C. carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood and
oxygen diffuses into the alveoli
D. both oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse from
the alveoli into the blood
36.
Which of the following breathing patterns would result in the greatest
increase in blood acidity?
A. apnea B.
tachypnea C. hyperpnea D. dyspnea
37.
Which of the following is the correct order of tissue from the outermost
to the innermost layer in the wall of the digestive tract?
A. submucosa, serous membrane, smooth muscle,
mucous membrane
B. smooth muscle, serous membrane, mucous
membrane, submucosa
C. serous membrane, smooth muscle, submucosa,
mucosa
D. mucous membrane, submucosa, smooth muscle,
serous membrane
38.
Your dog has just consumed a half stick of butter that you dropped. Most
of the nutrients in the butter will be absorbed in the form of
A. amino acids B. sugars C. glycerol and free fatty acids D.
nucleotides
39.
Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction?
A. Free fatty acids and glycerol are converted
into triglycerides.
B. Starches and glycogen are converted into
glucose.
C. Tryptophan and histidine are converted into a
peptide.
D. Two glucose molecules are converted into
maltose.
40.
Which situation describes the measurement of basal metabolism?
A. Ms. Jones measures her energy output while
jogging.
B. Mr. Dogwood measures his energy requirements
while he is sleeping.
C. Ms. Gees measures her energy output while
eating popcorn.
D. All of the answers are correct.
41.
Antidiuretic hormone
A. regulates acid-base balance
B. is secreted when water intake is too low
C. stimulates the production of large amounts of
urine
D. increases bone formation
42.
A decrease in the rate and depth of breathing could theoretically
alleviate
A. metabolic alkalosis B. respiratory
acidosis C. dehydration D. edema
43.
An active process that moves substances from the blood into the nephron
is
A. tubular reabsorption B. tubular
filtration C. tubular
secretion D. osmosis
44.
Materials are driven out of the glomerulus into the glomerular capsule
because of
A. osmotic pressure B.
blood pressure
C. concentration gradients D. active transport
45.
Progesterone levels are highest during
A. the follicular phase B. the
proliferative phase
C. ovulation D. the secretory phase
46.
Which of the following structures contributes the most liquid to the
semen?
A. seminiferous tubules B. epididymis
C. vas deferens D.
seminal vesicles
47.
The average length of gestation in humans is
A. 3 months B.
38 weeks C. 42 weeks D. 1 year
48.
The fertilized egg normally attaches to the
A. myometrium B. oviduct C.
fimbriae D.
endometrium
49.
If a person is a carrier for a particular disease,
A. the disease must be dominant, and the
person’s genotype must be heterozygous
B. the disease must be recessive, and the
person’s genotype must be heterozygous
C. the disease must be dominant, and the
person’s genotype must be homozygous recessive D. the disease must be recessive, and the
person’s genotype must be homozygous dominant
50.
The ability of a particular gene to determine phenotype can be altered
by
A. environmental factors B. gender
C. other genes D. All of the answers are correct.
BIOL 301
Final Exam answers
1
11
21
31
41
2
12
22
32
42
3
13
23
33
43
4
14
24
34
44
5
15
25
35
45
6
16
26
36
46
7
17
27
37
47
8
18
28
38
48
9
19
29
39
49
10
20
30
40
50
10 Essay Questions. Choose 2 to
answer at 20 points each.
1.
Describe the role of the
following in protein synthesis – DNA, nucleotides, RNA, ribosomes, rough ER,
and Golgi apparatus.
2.
List three factors that have
contributed to the increase in infectious disease, and name a disease that has
been particularly affected by each factor.
3.
Compare and contrast osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and
osteomyelitis.
4.
Huntingtonâs disease is characterized
by a loss of normal inhibition mediated by the basal nuclei. Predict the symptoms you are likely to see
with this disease
5.
Describe and discuss several
common types of heart disease.
6.
Name and discuss the diseases
involved in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
7.
Individuals experiencing
prolonged vomiting lose a great deal of stomach juices with the vomitus. Predict the effect this loss will have on the
pH of blood. How will the respiratory
system respond to the change in pH.
8.
List and discuss six signs of
chronic renal failure.
9.
Beginning with the first day of
menstruation, describe the events of one complete cycle, including the role of
the hormones involved.
10. Differentiate among congenital, genetic, and hereditary disorders
and give several examples of each.
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