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Posted: March 12th, 2023
list four anti-fungal and four antiviral medications
Please, list four anti-fungal and antiviral medications
Indications
Mechanism of action
What to monitor
Patient variables
Side effects
Adverse effects
Teaching
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Four anti-fungal medications are:
Fluconazole: Indications include the treatment of various fungal infections, including candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and aspergillosis. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a component of fungal cell membranes.
What to monitor: Liver function tests, kidney function tests, and electrolytes.
Patient variables: Pregnancy, liver disease, and renal dysfunction.
Side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and abdominal pain.
Adverse effects: Hepatotoxicity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and anaphylaxis.
Teaching: Patients should take the medication with food, avoid alcohol, and report any signs of liver or kidney dysfunction.
Amphotericin B: Indications include severe fungal infections such as invasive aspergillosis, cryptococcal meningitis, and candidiasis. It works by binding to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, leading to membrane disruption and cell death.
What to monitor: Electrolytes, kidney function, and vital signs.
Patient variables: Renal dysfunction and hypokalemia.
Side effects: Nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, and headache.
Adverse effects: Nephrotoxicity, electrolyte imbalances, and infusion-related reactions.
Teaching: Patients should receive the medication in a hospital setting with close monitoring and report any signs of infusion-related reactions or kidney dysfunction.
Terbinafine: Indications include the treatment of fungal infections of the skin and nails, such as tinea corporis and onychomycosis. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol in fungal cell membranes.
What to monitor: Liver function tests.
Patient variables: Liver disease.
Side effects: Nausea, diarrhea, headache, and skin rash.
Adverse effects: Hepatotoxicity and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Teaching: Patients should take the medication with food, avoid alcohol, and report any signs of liver dysfunction.
Caspofungin: Indications include the treatment of invasive fungal infections, such as aspergillosis and candidiasis. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of beta-glucan in fungal cell walls.
What to monitor: Liver function tests, electrolytes, and renal function.
Patient variables: Liver disease and renal dysfunction.
Side effects: Nausea, vomiting, fever, and headache.
Adverse effects: Hepatotoxicity, anaphylaxis, and infusion-related reactions.
Teaching: Patients should receive the medication in a hospital setting with close monitoring and report any signs of infusion-related reactions or liver dysfunction.
Four antiviral medications are:
Acyclovir: Indications include the treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections. It works by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis.
What to monitor: Renal function.
Patient variables: Renal dysfunction.
Side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache.
Adverse effects: Nephrotoxicity, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and anaphylaxis.
Teaching: Patients should stay hydrated and report any signs of renal dysfunction.
Oseltamivir: Indications include the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza virus infections. It works by inhibiting the neuraminidase enzyme in influenza viruses.
What to monitor: Liver function tests.
Patient variables: Liver disease.
Side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache.
Adverse effects: Neuropsychiatric events, anaphylaxis, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Teaching: Patients should take the medication with food, avoid alcohol,
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