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Posted: May 15th, 2023
Psychology Themes & Theories Of Psyc Week 7 Assignment 2. This week, you will continue to populate the Psychology Theories Template and add Behaviorist Theories to your chart. As you continue populating your template, consider the following:
Identify who or what contributed to the development of the theory. Were there key researchers or seminal research that led to the theory?
Record whether the theory emphasizes nature (biology), nurture (environment), or both.
List the primary characteristics or features of the theory (its key tenets and concepts). Be sure to include if a particular period of life is emphasized.
List the noteworthy strengths and weaknesses of the theory.
(Optional) Include any notes that you find helpful in understanding and applying the theory, such as potential contemporary themes or fields of research in which the theory could be applied.
Psychology Theories Template:
Behaviorist Theories:
Classical Conditioning Theory:
Contributor: Ivan Pavlov and his research on conditioning reflexes in dogs.
Emphasis: Nurture (environment).
Characteristics:
Learning occurs through the association of stimuli.
Neutral stimuli become associated with a meaningful stimulus to elicit a response.
Key concept: Stimulus-response (S-R) association.
Strengths:
It provides a clear framework for understanding how behaviors can be learned and unlearned.
The principles of classical conditioning have practical applications in areas such as therapy and education.
Weaknesses:
It focuses primarily on observable behaviors and neglects cognitive processes.
The theory does not account for complex human behaviors that involve thoughts, emotions, and intentions.
Notes:
Classical conditioning principles are often used in behavior modification techniques and treatments for phobias and anxiety disorders.
Operant Conditioning Theory:
Contributor: B.F. Skinner and his research on the consequences of behavior.
Emphasis: Nurture (environment).
Characteristics:
Learning occurs through the consequences (reinforcement or punishment) that follow a behavior.
Behavior that is reinforced tends to be repeated, while behavior that is punished tends to decrease.
Key concept: Reinforcement and punishment.
Strengths:
It offers a systematic approach to understanding how behavior is influenced by its consequences.
Operant conditioning principles have practical applications in behavior modification, education, and behavior management.
Weaknesses:
It overlooks the influence of cognitive processes and internal factors on behavior.
The theory has been criticized for being overly simplistic and not fully accounting for the complexity of human behavior.
Notes:
Operant conditioning principles are often used in behavior therapy, classroom management techniques, and shaping desired behaviors.
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