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Posted: March 31st, 2023

Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet/Talking Points Brief Assignment

USW1 WK1 ASSGN 1 NURS 6050: Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet/Talking Points Brief Assignment.

Template for Part 1 and Part 2,
The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Comparison Grid, 1-Page Analysis, and 1-page Fact Sheet)

Part 1: Agenda Comparison Grid

Population Health Concern: Drugs and Substance Abuse Crisis

Description of Population Health Concern: The prevalent issue of drug and substance abuse in America is a grave concern due to the increasing number of deaths and associated societal losses. According to the CDC, drug and substance abuse disproportionately affects the younger generation (Congress, 2019). Shockingly, there have been approximately 841,000 deaths since 1999, with 70,630 reported deaths in 2019 alone, marking a 4 percent rise from the previous year (Ignaszewski, 2021). These alarming statistics underscore the urgency for action.

Administration President Biden President Trump President Obama
Administrative Agenda Focus President Biden, in 2022, introduced a multifaceted strategy involving treatment, disruption of drug trafficking, and saving lives (Keyes et al., 2022). In 2017, President Trump launched initiatives to combat drug abuse, including safer prescription practices for opioids (White House, 2018). President Obama championed programs aimed at treating substance addiction, preventing its deterioration, and enhancing prevention measures (White House, 2018).
Allocations of Resources President Biden allocated a substantial $125 billion towards addressing substance abuse (Keyes et al., 2022). President Trump allocated $6 billion in 2018 to address the issue (White House, 2018). President Obama signed a $1.1 billion budget in 2016 to combat substance abuse (Congress, 2019).
Approach to the Issue President Biden’s strategy revolves around life-saving measures, expanded treatment options, and disrupting drug trafficking networks (Keyes et al., 2022). President Trump’s approach aimed to prevent drug trafficking and expand treatment availability (White House, 2018). President Obama’s initiatives encompassed prevention, strengthening law enforcement, and educating youth about drug dangers (White House, 2018).

Part 2: Agenda Comparison Grid Analysis
Administration President Joe Biden President Trump President Obama
Responsible Administrative Agency President Joe Biden’s comprehensive plan and substantial funding suggest that his administration is well-equipped to address the crisis effectively. President Trump’s approach might have limited effectiveness due to comparatively lower funding. President Obama’s focus on education and preventive measures aligns well with addressing the issue.
Inclusion on the Agenda The urgency of the drug crisis affecting millions of young people, families, schools, communities, and governments makes it a priority for the current president’s agenda. The high death toll, exemplified by the 70,630 deaths in 2019, underscores the necessity for action (Ignaszewski, 2021). The persistent and historical nature of the drug issue, resulting in nearly 840,000 deaths since 1999, would likely keep the matter on the agenda for former presidents (Ignaszewski, 2021). President Obama’s commitment to educating youth about the risks of drugs during his tenure could contribute to keeping the issue on the agenda (White House, 2018).
Champion/Sponsor Selection President Joe Biden emerges as a strong sponsor due to the combination of robust funding and a passionate commitment to addressing the issue (Keyes et al., 2022). His ability to mobilize Congress for action is noteworthy. President Trump’s radical stance against drug abuse, including his focus on border control, positions him as a less effective champion. Incomplete initiatives like the border wall undermine his impact (White House, 2018). President Obama’s emphasis on educating young people about the dangers of drugs makes him a viable sponsor. His advocacy aligns with the goals of addressing substance abuse (White House, 2018).
Narrative with Facts

The issue of drug and substance abuse is a critical concern, given its severe consequences including loss of life, loss of potential, and the perpetuation of risky behaviors (Ignaszewski et al., 2021). Instances such as impaired individuals causing accidents due to drug influence highlight the urgency of addressing this societal challenge. To counteract the menace of drug and substance abuse, legislative attention is essential, considering the growing numbers of drug users, deaths, and societal upheaval. By discussing ways to restrict children’s access to drugs and providing proactive educational measures, the legislative body can play a pivotal role in combating this crisis (Keyes et al., 2022).

Nurses play a vital role in this endeavor by educating patients and addicts about the health consequences of drug abuse and guiding them through therapeutic interventions to overcome addiction. Furthermore, nurses can advocate for enhanced policies to tackle drug and substance abuse in society, reinforcing the importance of a multi-faceted approach (Keyes et al., 2022).

References
Congress, U. S. (2019). Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016. In US Congress.
Ignaszewski, M. J. (2021). The epidemiology of drug abuse. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 61, S10-S17.
Keyes, L., Bing III, R. L., & Keyes, V. D. (2022). America’s Anti-Drug Abuse Act, the Disproportionality of Drug Laws on Blacks: A Policy Analysis.
White House. (2018). Ending America’s Opioid Crisis. White House. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/opioids/

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Sample 2;

Agenda Comparison Grid Template

Healthcare Issue: Reproductive Health Rights

Description: The examination of presidential administrations under Barack Obama, Richard Nixon, and Donald Trump reveals their varied approaches to the critical issue of reproductive health rights. This analysis underscores the significance of legislative actions and regulations in safeguarding the reproductive rights and well-being of U.S. citizens.

Administration (President Name) Richard Nixon Barack Obama Donald Trump
Administrative Agenda Focus President Richard Nixon contributed to the progress of reproductive health by enacting the Helms Amendment in 1973. This amendment outlined permissible funding sources for reproductive health practices within the U.S. (Note: Content truncated, needs completion.) The Obama administration focused on dismantling barriers obstructing women’s reproductive rights. Enactments aimed to empower women with the freedom to make conscientious choices, including those related to abortion. This shift from Nixon’s conservative ideals allowed greater reproductive autonomy for women. (Note: Content truncated, needs completion.) The Trump administration’s agenda appears regressive, involving actions that restrict women’s rights. This is reflected in domestic restrictions inhibiting private decisions on reproductive health and a push for anti-abortion laws. (Note: Content truncated, needs completion.)
Allocation of Resources The Helms Amendment limited foreign funding for abortion within the U.S., using federal subsidies. (Note: Content truncated, needs completion.) The “Global Gag Rule” was revoked in 2009, allowing international entities to fund reproductive health practices in the U.S. (Note: Content truncated, needs completion.) Current funding for reproductive health comes from foreign agencies and U.S. government subsidies. (Note: Content truncated, needs completion.)
Notes on Approach Under Nixon, reproductive health’s role in family planning was restricted. (Note: Content truncated, needs completion.) The Obama administration initially hesitated to address the limitations of the Helms Amendment, but ultimately pursued greater reproductive freedom. (Note: Content truncated, needs completion.) The Trump administration remains uncertain on addressing gaps in reproductive health. (Note: Content truncated, needs completion.)

Part 2: Facts Sheet
Issues:
The importance of comprehensive and quality reproductive healthcare inclusion in the legislative healthcare agenda.
The sufficiency of existing laws in protecting reproductive health rights.
Strategies for the Trump administration to bridge funding and reproductive health rights gaps.
Importance of Reproductive Health Rights and Legislative Intervention: Reproductive health profoundly impacts Americans, warranting legislative action for women’s autonomy (Owusu-Frimpong, Nwankwo & Dason, 2010). Expanding support for abortion can complement the “Global Gag Rule,” fostering foreign agency funding.

Nurses’ Roles in Shaping Reproductive Health Agenda: Nurses hold a pivotal position in advocating for reproductive health rights, as they embody human care and health expertise (Owusu-Frimpong, Nwankwo & Dason, 2010). To fulfill this role, policies must define nursing’s contributions to:

Raising awareness about health policy impact.
Cultivating strong stakeholder relationships.
Participating in strategic planning and decision-making.

Reference:
Owusu-Frimpong, N., Nwankwo, S., & Dason, B. (2010). Measuring service quality and patient satisfaction with access to public and private healthcare delivery. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 23(3), 203-220.

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Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet/Talking Points Brief
The recent presidential health issue agenda is committed to addressing the following key points:
i) Taking action on prescription drug prices,
ii) Ending the HIV epidemic,
iii) Allocating funding for childhood cancer research.

Furthermore, the agenda focuses on the repeal of the unpopular individual penalty associated with the Affordable Care Act (ACA), commonly known as Obamacare. The emphasis is placed on the importance of maintaining insurance coverage to avoid penalties. The “Right to Try” bill, allowing critically ill patients access to healthcare, is also highlighted. It is evident that Americans are paying significantly higher amounts for the same medications compared to residents in other countries, an issue deemed unacceptable. A persistent concern among presidential candidates is ensuring proper access to healthcare services.

Part 1: Agenda Comparison Grid
Achieving optimal healthcare requires a robust delivery system that prioritizes high-quality services. The healthcare delivery system’s capacity to provide culturally competent care, accessible financing, accurate information, etc., should be a government and legislative priority. A critical healthcare issue is equitable access to care. For many U.S. citizens, access depends on having health insurance, whether through private plans or public programs. Notably, individuals with private insurance tend to access care more promptly than those under public programs (Owusu-Frimpong, Nwankwo & Dason, 2010).

Insurance plans are pivotal for accessing better healthcare and ensuring consistent medical attention. These programs enhance early disease screening, detection, and prevention. Public insurance initiatives mainly target the elderly, disabled, and low-income citizens. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) oversees the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), responsible for safeguarding Americans’ health. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) is another federal agency dedicated to enhancing healthcare, especially for geographically isolated populations.

Local agendas reflect the concerns and issues that communities prioritize. Raising awareness and engaging the public play crucial roles in addressing issues such as access to quality healthcare. Collaboration with officials, policymakers, and educating the public is essential.

Addressing healthcare access involves engaging stakeholders—directly affected parties like patients’ families and professionals—and policymakers, including local health boards and politicians. Informal policies, even from entities like schools, courts, and police, can indirectly influence healthcare access. Additionally, funding organizations decide which healthcare providers to support.

Part 2: Facts Sheet
Comprehensive and quality healthcare access is vital and should feature in legislative healthcare agendas to prevent and manage diseases. Access to healthcare reduces needless disabilities and premature deaths. Additionally, proper access involves receiving essential medical prescriptions and timely medical services, both of which contribute to optimal health outcomes.

Insurance coverage plays a pivotal role in accessing healthcare facilities, locating medical services, and establishing personal relationships with healthcare providers. Adequate insurance coverage is crucial for accessing healthcare services, as it covers medical expenses and influences the type of care received. Timely care correlates with better health outcomes.

Primary Care Providers (PCPs) serve as regular sources of care, fostering patient-provider relationships and delivering integrated services. Enhancing healthcare services involves broadening access and implementing evidence-based preventive measures.

Emergency Medical Services offer essential urgent and life-saving support. Demographic factors like age and gender influence healthcare access likelihood (Andersen, Davidson & Baumeister, 2007).

Nurses significantly impact the current and future healthcare delivery system, given their dedication to human health and caregiving. To achieve this, defining nurses’ roles in shaping healthcare agendas is essential. Their roles include:

Raising awareness about the impact of health policies.
Nurturing stakeholder relationships.
Participating in planning and decision-making.
References:

Owusu-Frimpong, N., Nwankwo, S., & Dason, B. (2010). Measuring service quality and patient satisfaction with access to public and private healthcare delivery. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 23(3), 203-220.
Andersen, R. M., Davidson, P. L., & Baumeister, S. E. (2007). Improving access to care in America. Changing the US health care system: key issues in health services policy and management. 3rd edition. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 3-31.

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Sample 3;
Agenda Comparison Grid and Fact Sheet/Talking Points Brief

Healthcare Issue: Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Description: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has been a prominent healthcare policy in the United States, with distinct approaches by Presidents Obama, Trump, and Biden. This analysis explores their respective agendas and strategies concerning the ACA, emphasizing legislative actions and their impact on healthcare accessibility.

Administration (President Name) Barack Obama Donald Trump Joe Biden
Administrative Agenda Focus President Obama’s administration was marked by the inception and enactment of the ACA in 2010, aiming to expand healthcare coverage, control costs, and improve quality. It introduced essential provisions like Medicaid expansion and health insurance marketplaces. The ACA was a fundamental shift toward universal coverage. The Trump administration aimed to repeal and replace the ACA, arguing for market-driven solutions. The administration managed to eliminate the individual mandate penalty through tax reforms. Their agenda included promoting association health plans and short-term health insurance options. President Biden’s focus centers on reinforcing and building upon the ACA. His administration seeks to enhance the law’s provisions, improve affordability, and expand coverage. Strategies include expanding Medicaid eligibility in states, increasing marketplace subsidies, and lowering drug costs.
Allocation of Resources Obama’s ACA dedicated substantial resources to expanding Medicaid coverage and providing subsidies for low-income individuals purchasing insurance through marketplaces. The Trump administration allocated resources toward regulatory changes that aimed to broaden health plan options, including association health plans and short-term insurance. Biden’s ACA plans entail substantial funding for expanding Medicaid in non-expansion states, boosting marketplace subsidies, and investing in preventive care and health infrastructure.
Notes on Approach Obama’s approach emphasized systemic changes with a focus on achieving universal coverage and addressing pre-existing condition exclusions. Trump’s approach was marked by regulatory changes to shift towards market-driven solutions, aiming to provide more options and reduce premium costs. Biden’s approach signifies a return to reinforcing the ACA’s foundational goals, addressing gaps, and enhancing affordability. His plan underscores a federal role in ensuring equitable healthcare access.

Part 2: Facts Sheet

Issues:

The ACA’s impact on healthcare accessibility, coverage, and affordability.
The significance of legislative actions in shaping ACA’s evolution.
Strategies for the Biden administration to enhance ACA’s provisions.
Importance of ACA and Legislative Intervention: The ACA’s introduction under Obama expanded healthcare access for millions while addressing coverage gaps. Legislative actions helped safeguard pre-existing condition coverage and encourage preventive care. Under Biden, legislative efforts can further strengthen ACA’s provisions and promote equitable healthcare for all.

Nurses’ Roles in Shaping ACA Agenda: Nurses hold pivotal roles in advocating for ACA’s importance, given their frontline engagement with patients. Policies should define nurses’ contributions to:

Educating patients about ACA benefits and coverage.
Raising awareness about preventive care and wellness initiatives.
Engaging with legislators to promote ACA enhancements.
Reference:

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