Posted: October 19th, 2023
What are the social and economic implications of marine conservation and protected area designations
What are the social and economic implications of marine conservation and protected area designations, and how can these impacts be assessed and addressed?
Marine conservation and protected area designations are important strategies to safeguard the biodiversity and ecosystem services of the oceans. However, these interventions may also have social and economic implications for the human communities that depend on marine resources for their livelihoods, well-being and cultural identity. Therefore, it is essential to assess and address these impacts in a participatory and equitable manner, to ensure that marine conservation is not only effective but also fair and sustainable.
One way to assess the social and economic impacts of marine conservation and protected area designations is to use a social-ecological systems (SES) framework, which recognizes the complex and dynamic interactions between human and natural components of the marine environment. A SES framework can help identify the key stakeholders, drivers, pressures, states, impacts and responses (DPSIR) of marine conservation, and evaluate how they vary across spatial and temporal scales, as well as among different social groups and sectors. A SES framework can also facilitate the integration of multiple sources and types of data, such as biophysical, socio-economic, cultural and institutional information, to provide a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the marine conservation context.
Another way to address the social and economic impacts of marine conservation and protected area designations is to adopt a human rights-based approach (HRBA), which emphasizes the respect, protection and fulfillment of the rights of all people affected by marine conservation, especially the most vulnerable and marginalized groups. A HRBA can help ensure that marine conservation is consistent with international human rights norms and standards, such as the right to food, water, health, education, participation, self-determination and cultural diversity. A HRBA can also promote the empowerment, accountability and transparency of the actors involved in marine conservation, and foster a collaborative and constructive dialogue among them.
In conclusion, marine conservation and protected area designations have significant social and economic implications that need to be assessed and addressed in a systematic and inclusive way. A SES framework and a HRBA are two useful tools that can help achieve this goal, by providing a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the social-ecological context of marine conservation, and by ensuring that the rights and interests of all stakeholders are respected and protected.