The historical development of human relations knowledge applied to job setting warrants some attention in any book about human relations. Any history of the application of systematic knowledge about human behaviour to the job must use some arbitrary milestones. For instance, the crew chiefs concerned with constructing the Egyptian pyramids must have had useful informal concepts of leadership available to them.

The Hawthorne Studies: As described in virtually every book written about management, the human relations or behavioral school of management began in 1927 with a group of studies conducted at the Hawthorne plant of Western Electric, an AT&T subsidiary.

Curiously, these studies were prompted by an experiment carried out by the company’s engineers between 1924 and 1927. Following the scientific management tradition, these engineers were applying research methods to answer job related problems.

Two groups were Trace the phases of evolution of human resource management. Answer: Human resource management consists of all the activities undertaken by an enterprise to ensure the effective utilization of employees toward the attainment of individual, group, and organizational goals.

It consists of practices that help the organization to deal effectively with its people during the various phases of the employment cycle, including pre-hire, staffing, and post-hire.

Human resource has a historical background since ancient times. But in the recent days it has been at its peak in approach and structured practices. There has been a vast change in the implementation compared to system followed at earlier days. HRM practices can be classified into four broad phases as mention below: • The Craft system • The scientific system • The human relations approach and • The prevalent organizational science-human resource approach.