Lesson 11: Associations between Categorical VariablesSTAT 200Answer the following questions showing all work. For questions that requireMinitab Express, include the appropriate output (copy + paste) along with anexplanation. For all tests use an alpha level of .05 unless otherwise specified.1. For each scenario, which statistical procedure is most appropriate (onesample mean, one sample proportion, two independent proportions, twoindependent means, two paired/dependent means, one-way ANOVA, chisquare test of independence)? Explain why. (24 points)A. Food scientists want to know if there is a relationship betweenwhether or not a child likes licorice and whether or not the child’smother likes licorice. They take a sample of 50 child-mother pairs andask each individual if they like licorice (yes/no).B. A team of sleep scientists wants to know if there is a relationshipbetween biological sex and whether or not an individual has sleepapnea. They take a sample of 500 individuals and record theirbiological sex (male/female) and if they have sleep apnea (yes/no).C. An admissions counselor at a technical college wants to know if thereis a relationship between gender (man/woman) and students’ intendedmajor area (computer science, automotive mechanics, culinary arts,cosmetology).D. A group of psychology students wants to compare the anxiety levelsof test takers who are given a dog, cat, or teddy bear to pet. They take asample of 120 introductory psychology students. Participants arerandomly assigned to one of the three treatment conditions (dog, cat,teddy bear). After the testing sessions the experimenters administer ananxiety survey to each participant. Scores on the anxiety scale arequantitative.Lesson 11: Associations between Categorical VariablesSTAT 2002. According to http://espn.go.com/college-football/team/fpi/_/id/213/pennstate-nittany-lions (as of November 3, 2015) the probability that Penn Statewill win the football game against Michigan is 39.4%. The probability thatPenn State will win the football game against Michigan State is 23.0%. (16points)A. What are the odds that Penn State will beat Michigan?B. What are the odds that Penn State will beat Michigan State?C. What is the odds ratio for Penn State beating Michigan compared tobeating Michigan State?D. How would you explain the odds ratio that you calculated in part C toa friend with no knowledge of statistics?Lesson 11: Associations between Categorical VariablesSTAT 2003. Use the file SP16STUDENTDATA.MTW to answer the following questions. (30points)A. Construct a contingency table of biological sex and preferred wintersport.B. What proportion of females prefer figure skating.C. What proportion of males prefer figure skating?D. What is the “relative risk” of preferring figure skating for femalescompared to males?E. How would you interpret the value that you computed in part D for afriend with no knowledge of statistics?F. Conduct a chi-square test of independence to determine if there isevidence of a relationship between biological sex and preferred wintersport in the population. Assume that this sample is representative of thepopulation of all World Campus students. Use the five-step hypothesistesting procedure labeling each of your steps.Step 1:Step 2:Step 3:Step 4:Step 5: